Technical Articles

IL-33 is the 11th member of the IL-1 family, with a C-terminal IL-1-like cytokine domain, an N-terminal nuclear localization domain, and a middle domain that senses proteases.

In 1993, researchers first cloned cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 8 from an activated mouse T lymphocyte cDNA library, later named IL-17A. The IL-17A gene showed no homology with other known cytokine families at the time but exhibited 57% homology with the T-cell-tropic herpesvirus gene 13.

Autoimmune diseases are disorders in which the immune system malfunctions, leading to tissue and organ damage caused by autoantibodies or autoreactive lymphocytes attacking normal cells.

Macrophage polarization is a core regulatory event in immune responses, with cytokines serving as the "chemical instructions" guiding this process.

Autoimmune diseases are chronic inflammatory diseases caused by abnormal attacks of the body's immune system on its own tissues, and the pathogenesis involves the interaction of multiple factors. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF - α), as a core pro-inflammatory cytokine, is not only a regulator of normal immune response, but also plays a key pathogenic role in various autoimmune diseases