Technical Articles

This article focuses on the pivotal role of Plectin in hepatocellular carcinoma cells' response to the mechanical microenvironment of the extracellular matrix. It systematically elucidates the pathological characteristics of increasing tissue stiffness during liver disease progression and analyzes the molecular mechanism by which Plectin perceives matrix stiffness and regulates cytoskeletal reorganization through the integrin β1-mediated mechanical signaling axis.

This article systematically elucidates the high expression characteristics of Plectin in prostate cancer, analyzing its molecular mechanisms in promoting tumor growth and metastasis by regulating cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix interactions, and metabolic pathways.

This article focuses on the central role of osteoclasts in bone metabolic homeostasis, systematically elucidating the synergistic mechanism of the two key cytokines, M-CSF and RANKL, in osteoclast differentiation, and analyzing the regulatory balance of OPG as a natural antagonist.

Based on the core requirements for trypsin performance in protein mass spectrometry analysis, this article systematically elaborates on the common limitations of traditional mass spectrometry-grade trypsin in terms of non-specific cleavage, autolysis, digestion efficiency, and batch-to-batch consistency. It also introduces how improved trypsin variants, developed through novel chemical modifications and recombinant technologies, can address these issues specifically, providing a superior tool for high-precision peptide mapping analysis of biotherapeutic proteins.

This article focuses on the central role of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) in the type I interferon signaling pathway, systematically elucidates the negative regulatory mechanism of the autophagy-related protein ATG4B on TBK1, analyzes the molecular basis of ATG4B-mediated selective autophagic degradation of TBK1 through GABARAP and its pathological significance in viral infection, explores the potential therapeutic value of ATG4B inhibitors in enhancing antiviral immune responses, and introduces the detection applications of enzyme-labeled recombinant proteins in related research.

The human epidermal growth factor receptor family (HER/ErbB family) comprises four members and serves as key transmembrane receptors regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Among them, HER3 is the most functionally unique member—it exhibits extremely low kinase activity and cannot form homodimers, yet activates downstream signaling pathways by forming heterodimers with partners such as HER2, playing a critical role in various malignancies.

Interleukins (ILs) are a functionally diverse family of cytokines that play a central role in infection defense, inflammation regulation, autoimmune tolerance, and antitumor immunity. The IL-12 family, as a structurally unique subfamily, consists of IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, and IL-35, mediating complex immunoregulatory functions through heterodimeric structures.

Plectin is a high-molecular-weight (approximately 500 kDa) cytoskeletal linker protein belonging to the plakin family, playing a central role in maintaining cellular mechanical stability and mediating signal transduction. Its His-tagged recombinant protein form provides a crucial tool for studying plectin in non-human primates.

Plectin is a giant cytoskeletal linker protein widely expressed in mammalian cells, playing a central role in maintaining tissue mechanical integrity and cellular force homeostasis by connecting cytoskeletal components and anchoring cell junction structures. Recent studies have revealed that Plectin is aberrantly overexpressed in prostate cancer and functions as an oncogenic driver promoting tumor growth and distant metastasis.

Osteoclasts are the only multinucleated giant cells in the human body capable of bone resorption, and their differentiation and maturation are precisely regulated by various cytokines. Human peripheral blood CD14+ monocytes can be directionally differentiated into mature osteoclasts with bone resorption activity under the synergistic induction of macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand. This in vitro induction system has become a core experimental platform for bone metabolism disease research, drug screening, and mechanism analysis.