Technical Articles

The prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is poor, primarily due to low diagnostic efficiency and strong tumor drug resistance. The activation of pancreatic stellate cells and the formation of dense stroma are key factors contributing to the aggressive nature of this tumor.

Leukemia inhibitory factor belongs to the IL-6 cytokine family and is a multifunctional glycoprotein. This protein consists of 180 amino acid residues, with a molecular weight of approximately 20 to 25 kilodaltons, and contains seven α-helical domains, forming a typical four-helix bundle structure.