Technical Articles

Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein.

α-Synuclein (α-syn) is a soluble protein predominantly expressed in presynaptic terminals and perinuclear regions of the central nervous system, with a molecular weight of approximately 14–19 kDa. It plays a critical role in synaptic function and has been closely implicated in the pathogenesis and functional impairments of various neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Parkinson’s disease (PD).