Technical Articles

KRAS activating mutations are detectable in 25% to 30% of non-squamous non-small cell lung cancers, representing the most common genetic driver event in this cancer type. The Ras protein family includes three subtypes: KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS, with KRAS mutations accounting for 85% of Ras-driven cancers.

The VHL protein serves as the substrate recognition receptor of the Cullin 2 RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, forming the VCB complex together with Elongin B and Elongin C. This complex plays a critical role in cellular hypoxia response and protein homeostasis maintenance.

Cathepsin F is an important member of the lysosomal cysteine protease family and plays a crucial role in protein degradation and cellular metabolism.

The KRAS gene is one of the most commonly mutated driver genes in various solid tumors, with the G12V mutation being the second most frequent subtype at codon 12 after G12D, frequently occurring in malignancies such as pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer.

The RAS gene family is the most common oncogene in human cancers, encoding proteins that act as critical molecular switches regulating cell proliferation and survival signaling pathways.

Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTAC) is a revolutionary drug development platform that harnesses the cell's own ubiquitin-proteasome system to selectively degrade disease-causing proteins.

B-cell lymphoma 6 protein (BCL6) is a critical transcriptional repressor whose function plays a decisive role in the development of follicular helper T cells (Tfh).

Among various E3 ligases, Cereblon (CRBN) stands out as a central recruitment platform for targeted degrader design due to its unique advantages.

In recent years, the innovative drug development technology based on Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) has sparked a revolution in the field of biomedicine. PROTACs facilitate the degradation of specific target proteins by harnessing the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) within cells, enabling precise modulation of disease-related proteins. This mechanism not only overcomes the limitations of traditional small-molecule drugs but also demonstrates significant advantages in targeting "undruggable" proteins.