Technical Articles

Transforming growth factor β1 was discovered in biochemical research in the 1970s and was initially used to isolate soluble factors that induce anchorage-independent growth or transformation of normal cells.

The IL-2 protein is a key cytokine for the survival and function of regulatory T cells. This protein selectively binds to the trimeric IL-2 receptor on the surface of regulatory T cells, preferentially activating them and making it an important candidate molecule for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.

The IL-2 protein is a type I four α-helix bundle cytokine, primarily produced by conventional T cells following engagement of the T cell receptor and the co-stimulatory molecule CD28.

Regulatory T cells are a subset of CD4+ T cells with immunosuppressive functions, playing a central role in maintaining immune system homeostasis, preventing autoimmune responses, and regulating the intensity of immune responses.