Technical Articles

Macrophages play an important role in defending against microbial infections, but abnormal activation of macrophage function can trigger inflammation and lead to significant histopathological changes. In atherosclerotic plaques, there are notable histopathological alterations, and abnormal activation of macrophage function is also evident in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease.

GM-CSF is a crucial coordinator in the immune system. The in-depth understanding of its functions has not only helped reveal new pathogenic mechanisms in autoimmune diseases and cancer, but has also paved the way for a series of innovative targeted therapies.

Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) is far more than just a hematopoietic growth factor. It serves as a critical bridge connecting innate and adaptive immunity, playing a central role in maintaining homeostasis, host defense, and inflammatory pathology. This article will provide an in-depth technical exploration of the GM-CSF signaling pathway and its physiological functions, with a focused analysis of its dual roles in autoimmune diseases, cancer, inflammatory diseases, and related targeted therapeutic strategies.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex chronic autoimmune disease affecting approximately 0.5%-1% of the global population. RA not only causes joint inflammation and pain but also leads to various complications, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. In recent years, with a deeper understanding of the pathological mechanisms of RA, scientists have identified several key immunomodulatory target proteins, offering new possibilities for developing innovative treatment strategies.