Technical Articles

The KRAS gene is one of the most frequently mutated proto-oncogenes in human cancers. Among the RAS gene family (KRAS, NRAS, HRAS), KRAS mutations account for approximately 85%, and its encoded protein serves as a critical molecular switch.

Mutations in the KRAS gene represent a significant challenge in cancer treatment, particularly in pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These mutations result in the constitutive activation of the KRAS protein, leading to hyperactivation of downstream signaling pathways and promoting tumor cell growth. However, the lack of binding pockets on the KRAS protein surface has made it difficult for traditional small-molecule drugs to directly target KRAS, rendering it once deemed an "undruggable" target.